Petrol sniffing:
Key words……..
1-aboriginal people
2-Most common age …….12-15 ys
3-visual hallucination
Cp:
* Euphoria
* Hallucinations
* Slurred speech
* Slowed down reflexes
* Increased libido
* Dizziness
* Disassociation
with the environment
* Vomiting
alcoholism
How to help to reduce alcohol consumption in Australia?……raise taxes level
Safe alcohol level:
Male……2 cups per day
Female…..1 cup per day
Pregnant……none
Breast feeding……none
Who is affected more the males or the females…… females
Safe amount of alcohol during pregnancy…..not known
If the female was drinking small amount of alcohol before she knew she is pregnant……low risk of harming the baby
Effect of alcohol on fetus……fetal alcohol syndrome
Most common cause of MR in Australia….. Fetal alcohol syndrome
Most common substance causing male’s infertility….alcohol
Most common cause of teratogenicity in australia…..Alcohol
Main 2 features of fetal alcohol syndrome:
1-absent philthrum
2-thin upper lip
Main feature when this baby grows up…… irritability and agitation
How to follow up during pregnancy?????? US
Alcohol withdrawal:vvvvvvvvv imp
History…….hospital admission
Timing of the symptoms…..2 days after admission
Cp……mainly agitation and visual hallucination
Maximum…..after 5 days(delirium tremens)………fatal
TTT…….. diazepam……vvvv imp
If the liver is affected……..lorazepam is the choice
Most imp question to detect alcoholic addiction?…… eye opener
Illegal age of alcoholism in australia……18 ys
Special types of psychotherapy:
Dynamic therapy…….borderline personality disorder
Dialectical behavior therapy…..therapy designed to help people change patterns of behavior
Used mainly for …..borderline personality disorder
Exposure and prevention……OCD
Gradual Exposure…….panic attack, phobia
Insight oriented……hypochondriasis and conversion
AVERSION…………kleptomania
CBT…..majority of psychiatric patients
Most common drugs causing teratogenicity by order:
1st………..Alcohol
2nd……….Nicotine
3rd……….cocaine
4th……….Amphetamine